High seas accessed by Brazil: 1950

This reflects the year that the Sea Around Us project set as the first year in which fishing vessels from this country engaged in fishing in High Seas waters (water beyond the boundaries of Exclusive Economic Zones). If you have knowledge and data that would support an earlier or later year to be specified, please advise us of this via feedback.

Other EEZs accessed by Brazil: 1950

This reflects the year that the Sea Around Us project set as the first year in which fishing vessels from this country engaged in fishing in the Exclusive Economic Zone waters of other countries (if observed access or formal access agreements existed). If you have knowledge and data that would support an earlier or later year to be specified, please advise us of this via feedback.

Start year: End year:

Year	Mean trophic level	Mean max. length (cm)	FiB Index	Expansion factor
1950	3.03	60.1	0	1
1951	3.04	59.7	0.08	1.08
1952	3.07	59.1	0.26	1.3
1953	3.02	58.7	-0.03	0.97
1954	3.08	60.5	0.24	1.27
1955	3.09	59	0.43	1.54
1956	3.09	60.5	0.58	1.79
1957	3.11	61.6	0.74	2.1
1958	3.09	60.9	0.65	1.92
1959	3.15	64.7	0.88	2.41
1960	3.17	69.5	0.96	2.61
1961	3.22	68.4	1.19	3.29
1962	3.2	66.7	1.55	4.71
1963	3.2	66	1.37	3.94
1964	3.24	69.9	1.49	4.44
1965	3.17	64.3	1.41	4.1
1966	3.2	61.5	1.58	4.85
1967	3.54	65.2	2.91	18.36
1968	3.3	60.8	2.07	7.92
1969	3.19	57.6	1.64	5.16
1970	3.08	59.4	1.63	5.1
1971	3.14	53.3	1.85	6.36
1972	3.12	53.4	1.86	6.42
1973	3.11	54.3	2.01	7.46
1974	3.15	55.5	1.87	6.49
1975	3.18	58.9	1.91	6.75
1976	3.22	62.3	1.97	7.17
1977	3.19	58.2	2.04	7.69
1978	3.16	57.3	2.01	7.46
1979	3.13	53.7	1.97	7.17
1980	3.17	55.8	1.91	6.75
1981	3.25	59.9	2.11	8.25
1982	3.24	63.7	2.09	8.08
1983	3.23	60.7	2.13	8.41
1984	3.22	59.9	2.23	9.3
1985	3.21	58.7	2.17	8.76
1986	3.2	58.3	2.05	7.77
1987	3.23	60.4	1.95	7.03
1988	3.25	62.6	1.82	6.17
1989	3.24	61.5	1.85	6.36
1990	3.28	66.3	1.81	6.11
1991	3.26	62.8	1.83	6.23
1992	3.28	66.3	1.87	6.49
1993	3.31	70.6	1.85	6.36
1994	3.22	61.1	1.67	5.31
1995	3.26	60.7	1.81	6.11
1996	3.25	58	1.81	6.11
1997	3.23	59.6	1.86	6.42
1998	3.27	64.9	1.89	6.62
1999	3.41	76.4	2.09	8.08
2000	3.4	76.1	2.18	8.85
2001	3.36	70.5	2.23	9.3
2002	3.39	71.3	2.31	10.07
2003	3.39	73.3	2.25	9.49
2004	3.32	68	2.13	8.41
2005	3.37	72.6	2.24	9.39
2006	3.31	65.6	2.14	8.5

TL	SLMax(cm)	Common Name	Scientific Name
4.5	151	King mackerel	Scomberomorus cavalla
4.5	219	Bigeye tuna	Thunnus obesus
4.5	98	Bluefish	Pomatomus saltatrix
4.5	49	Blackfin goosefish	Lophius gastrophysus
4.5	205	Tarpon	Megalops atlanticus
4.48999977111816	449	Swordfish	Xiphias gladius
4.48000001907349	246	Atlantic white marlin	Tetrapturus albidus
4.47714281082153	367	Billfishes	Istiophoridae
4.46000003814697	112	Monkfishes	Lophius
4.44999980926514	192	Largehead hairtail	Trichiurus lepturus
4.42999982833862	376	Atlantic bluefin tuna	Thunnus thynnus
4.40333318710327	179	Barracudas	Sphyraena
4.40000009536743	258	Atlantic sailfish	Istiophorus albicans
4.40000009536743	227	Wahoo	Acanthocybium solandri
4.40000009536743	100	Little tunny	Euthynnus alletteratus
4.40000009536743	57	Blue runner	Caranx crysos
4.38500022888184	164	Amberjacks	Seriola
4.38000011444092	346	Atlantic blue marlin	Makaira nigricans
4.36999988555908	172	Common dolphinfish	Coryphaena hippurus
4.35166692733765	123	Cat groupers	Mycteroperca
4.34999990463257	108	Skipjack tuna	Katsuwonus pelamis
4.34749984741211	205	Seerfishes	Scomberomorus
4.34000015258789	231	Yellowfin tuna	Thunnus albacares
4.34000015258789	131	Pink cusk-eel	Genypterus blacodes
4.30999994277954	136	Albacore	Thunnus alalunga
4.30999994277954	164	Cobia	Rachycentron canadum
4.28000020980835	248	Longbill spearfish	Tetrapturus pfluegeri
4.28000020980835	392	Shortfin mako	Isurus oxyrinchus
4.2662501335144	125	Hakes	Merluccius
4.2622218132019	150	Mackerels tunas and bonitos	Scombridae
4.24176502227783	207	Requiem sharks	Carcharhinidae
4.23999977111816	519	Sawfishes	Pristidae
4.23999977111816	289	Blue shark	Prionace glauca
4.2350001335144	60	Frigate tuna	Auxis
4.21000003814697	400	Bigeye thresher	Alopias superciliosus
4.21000003814697	135	Tope shark	Galeorhinus galeus
4.20888900756836	90	Weakfishes	Cynoscion
4.19999980926514	90	Atlantic bonito	Sarda sarda
4.19999980926514	238	Silky shark	Carcharhinus falciformis
4.15999984741211	325	Oceanic whitetip shark	Carcharhinus longimanus
4.1399998664856	80	American flounders	Paralichthys
4.13424253463745	32	Squids	Teuthida
4.13000011444092	93	Blackfin tuna	Thunnus atlanticus
4.12428617477417	102	Jacks	Caranx
4.11999988555908	29	Puffers	Sphoeroides
4.1100001335144	150	Argentine angelshark	Squatina argentina
4.07999992370605	78	Argentine hake	Merluccius hubbsi
4.07999992370605	82	Atlantic pomfret	Brama brama
4.07999992370605	740	Tiger shark	Galeocerdo cuvier
4.07999992370605	294	Scalloped hammerhead	Sphyrna lewini
4.07882404327393	525	Ground sharks	Carcharhiniformes
4.07000017166138	164	Yellowtail amberjack	Seriola lalandi
4.05230808258057	164	Jacks and pompanos	Carangidae
4.05000019073486	729	Sharks and rays	Elasmobranchii
4.01749992370605	98	Snappers	Lutjanidae
4.01000022888184	49	Sea bass	Acanthistius brasilianus
4.01000022888184	37	King weakfish	Macrodon ancylodon
4.01000022888184	82	Northern red snapper	Lutjanus campechanus
4	300	Sharks rays and skates etc	Sharks or rays and chimaeras
4	25	American harvestfish	Peprilus paru
4	23	Blue crab	Callinectes sapidus
3.99000000953674	25	Common squids	Loligo
3.99000000953674	85	Yellowtail snapper	Ocyurus chrysurus
3.99000000953674	33	Rough scad	Trachurus lathami
3.98000001907349	82	Argentine conger	Conger orbignianus
3.96666693687439	25	Sea robins	Prionotus
3.95000004768372	82	Ladyfish	Elops saurus
3.92333340644836	115	Snooks	Centropomus
3.91666698455811	43	Scorpionfishes or rockfishes	Scorpaenidae
3.91417288780212	80	Cods	Gadiformes
3.90000009536743	49	South American striped weakfish	Cynoscion striatus
3.89000010490417	60	Bigeye scad	Selar crumenophthalmus
3.89000010490417	139	Black drum	Pogonias cromis
3.88000011444092	82	Argentinian sandperch	Pseudopercis semifasciata
3.86999988555908	228	Southern bluefin tuna	Thunnus maccoyii
3.84349989891052	190	Groupers	Epinephelus
3.8199999332428	49	Lane snapper	Lutjanus synagris
3.80999994277954	39	Blackbelly rosefish	Helicolenus dactylopterus
3.80988097190857	27	Cephalopods	Cephalopoda
3.80666708946228	33	Bigeyes	Priacanthus
3.79999995231628	23	Argentine shortfin squid	Illex argentinus
3.78999996185303	33	Brazilian codling	Urophycis brasiliensis
3.78333306312561	28	Harvestfishes	Peprilus
3.76205897331238	200	Drums or croakers	Sciaenidae
3.72000002861023	49	Atlantic moonfish	Selene setapinnis
3.70000004768372	12	Dana's swimming crab	Callinectes danae
3.68666696548462	102	Pompanos	Trachinotus
3.67000007629395	99	Cusk-eels	Ophidiidae
3.67000007629395	102	Red grouper	Epinephelus morio
3.66666698455811	41	Kingcroakers	Menticirrhus
3.65000009536743	75	Common seabream	Pagrus pagrus
3.64000010490417	62	Atlantic horse mackerel	Trachurus trachurus
3.61999988555908	102	Tilefishes	Malacanthidae
3.6175000667572	50	Butterfishes	Stromateidae
3.61374998092651	205	Skates and rays	Rajiformes
3.60999989509583	82	Chola guitarfish	Rhinobatos percellens
3.58999991416931	59	Narrownose smooth-hound	Mustelus schmitti
3.57999992370605	68	Octopuses	Octopoda
3.57999992370605	86	Southern red snapper	Lutjanus purpureus
3.57450008392334	25	Flyingfishes	Exocoetidae
3.57428574562073	30	Spadefishes and batfishes and scats	Ephippidae
3.57180309295654	50	Flatfishes	Pleuronectiformes
3.53143930435181	56	Perch-likes	Perciformes
3.51166701316834	40	Porgies	Calamus
3.5	102	Crevalle jack	Caranx hippos
3.5	52	Florida pompano	Trachinotus carolinus
3.49874997138977	43	Puffers	Tetraodontidae
3.48000001907349	44	Brazilian flathead	Percophis brasiliensis
3.47857093811035	62	Sea catfishes	Ariidae
3.47000002861023	23	Armored searobins or armored gurnards	Peristediidae
3.45749998092651	55	Goatfishes	Mullidae
3.45000004768372	102	Great northern tilefish	Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps
3.44000005722046	70	Pandoras	Pagellus
3.40000009536743	46	Parona leatherjacket	Parona signata
3.36666703224182	15	Herring	Harengula
3.36500000953674	80	Chimaeras	Chimaeriformes
3.35863590240479	80	Grunts	Haemulidae
3.30999994277954	120	Serra Spanish mackerel	Scomberomorus brasiliensis
3.30999994277954	41	Atlantic croaker	Micropogonias undulatus
3.30999994277954	4	Deepwater rose shrimp	Parapenaeus longirostris
3.30864906311035	164	Porgies	Sparidae
3.26999998092651	25	Silver biddies	Gerres
3.25250005722046	53	Triggerfishes	Balistidae
3.25142908096313	21	Anchovies	Engraulidae
3.24000000953674	25	Herrings	Clupeiformes
3.23000001907349	31	Atlantic thread herring	Opisthonema oglinum
3.21000003814697	53	Atlantic bumper	Chloroscombrus chrysurus
3.21000003814697	25	Round sardinella	Sardinella aurita
3.20250010490417	12	Silversides	Atherinidae
3.20000004768372	45	Caribbean spiny lobster	Panulirus argus
3.1800000667572	40	White morwong	Nemadactylus bergi
3.16000008583069	30	Argentine croaker	Umbrina canosai
3.08999991416931	52	Chub mackerel	Scomber japonicus
3.06162858009338	11	Gastropods	Gastropoda
3.04999995231628	28	Barred grunt	Conodon nobilis
3.03200006484985	25	Mojarras	Gerreidae
3	25	Crustaceans	Crustacea
2.91000008583069	25	Brazilian sardinella	Sardinella janeiro
2.75	26	Brazilian menhaden	Brevoortia aurea
2.70000004768372	34	Penaeus shrimps	Penaeus
2.70000004768372	15	Argentine stiletto shrimp	Artemesia longinaris
2.70000004768372	14	Atlantic seabob	Xiphopenaeus kroyeri
2.70000004768372	24	Redspotted shrimp	Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis
2.65000009536743	13	Natantian decapods	Shrimps and prawns
2.63000011444092	49	Whitemouth croaker	Micropogonias furnieri
2.59999990463257	30	Marine crabs	Brachyura
2.59999990463257	40	Tropical spiny lobsters	Panulirus
2.59999990463257	17	Red deepsea crab	Chaceon quinquedens
2.52500009536743	120	Mullets	Mugilidae
2.48000001907349	45	Ballyhoo	Hemiramphus brasiliensis
2.48000001907349	17	Argentine anchoita	Engraulis anchoita
2.26999998092651	15	Clams cockles and arkshells	Clams or cockles and arkshells
2.20000004768372	19	Argentine red shrimp	Pleoticus muelleri
2.00368404388428	41	Parrotfishes	Scaridae
2	10	Sea mussels	Mytilidae
2	25	Cupped oysters	Crassostrea
2	10	American cupped oyster	Crassostrea virginica
2	6	Cholga mussel	Aulacomya ater
2	3	Trigonal tivela	Tivela mactroides
2	3	Angulate volute	Zidona dufresnei

Marine Trophic Index in the waters of Brazil

Catch reconstruction: